湖北省雷电灾损特征评估
Characteristics of Lightning Disasters in Hubei Province
中文摘要：
基于2000—2020年湖北省雷电灾害资料，统计了雷电灾害的等级、经济损失、人员伤亡以及受灾行业等信息，分析了不同等级雷电灾害变化特征、受灾行业以及生命和经济损失特征。结果表明：2000—2020年湖北省雷灾以一般和较大等级为主，占比达96.31%，重大、较大、一般等级雷灾均呈先上升后降低的特征；鄂东地区为雷灾高发区，江汉平原常发生较大及以上等级的雷灾，而鄂西地区以一般等级雷灾为主；农、林、牧、渔业最易遭受雷灾，其伤亡和设备损坏也最严重，但呈下降趋势；制造业因雷灾造成的经济损失最大，尤其是在鄂东北地区；全省生命损失指数呈东高西低的分布特征，高至较高生命、经济损失指数主要集中在鄂东中部地区，少量散布在鄂西北和江汉平原局地。
中文关键词：
雷灾事故，等级，行业，生命损失指数，经济损失指数
KeyWords：
lightning disaster, grade, sector, life loss index, economic loss index
Abstract：
Lightning disaster data in Hubei from 2000 to 2020 are utilized for calculating the lightning disaster grades, losses, casualties and affected sectors and for analyzing the variation characteristics of lightning disasters with different grades as well as the characteristics of losses in different sectors and in life and economy. The results show that the lightning disasters in Hubei from 2000 to 2020 were mainly of general and large grades, accounting for 96.31%. Lightning disasters with major, large and general grades all showed the trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing. The eastern part of Hubei was the region frequently hit by lightning disasters, and lightning disasters with large and higher grades often occurred in Jianghan Plain, while the lighting disasters in the western part of Hubei mainly belonged to the general grade. Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery were the four sectors that were most vulnerable to lightning disasters, with the most serious casualties and equipment damages. However, the situation exhibited a downward trend. The manufacturing industry suffered the most serious economic loss due to lightning disasters, especially in the northeast Hubei. The life loss index was high in the east and low in the west. The life and economic loss indexes with high and even higher grades were mainly concentrated in the central region of Eastern Hubei, and a few scattered in Northwest Hubei and Jianghan Plain.