全球海洋气象导航业务和技术研究进展
Research Progress in Global Marine Meteorological Navigation Operation and Technology
中文摘要：
海洋气象导航是指为船舶从确定的出发点到目标点之间的海上航行规划出最佳航线的过程。该过程需根据船舶航行任务设定优化目标，如时间最优化或能效最大化等，结合船舶航行所在海域的特性、气象预报数据、船舶性能、技术条件和航行要求等约束条件，为船舶规划从出发点到目标点间安全、省时、节能和经济的航线，实现航行的最佳效果。本文对近年来国内外海洋气象导航业务及航线规划技术进行调研，综合考虑了海洋水文气象要素和海上灾害性天气对船舶航线的影响，以及在航线规划中规避风险的关键技术，分析了国内外关于航线规划优选方法的研究现状，并对存在的问题进行探讨，对未来进行展望。
中文关键词：
海洋气象导航，航线优选，航速优化
KeyWords：
marine meteorological navigation, route optimization, speed optimization
Abstract：
Marine meteorological navigation refers to the planning of best route for marine navigation from the initial departure point to the destination. This process requires setting an optimization goal according to the specific navigation task (such as optimizing the navigation time, or maximizing energy efficiency) and takes into account various constraints including the characteristics of maritime navigation area, meteorological forecast data, ship performance, technical conditions, and navigation requirements. The aim is to plan a route that is safe, time-efficient, energy-saving, and economical, thereby achieving the best navigation outcome. We investigate the operation of marine meteorological navigation and route planning technologies at home and abroad, and comprehensively examine the impact of marine hydrological and meteorological factors and marine severe weather on route planning. Key technologies in risk avoidance for route design is also discussed. Furthermore, we analyze the current state of research on optimal route design methods both domestically and internationally, discuss the existing issues, and look towards the future.