近30 a小兴安岭林区及周边区域的气候变化特征分析
Analysis of Climate Change Characteristics in the Last 30 Years in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains Forest area and Its Surrounding Areas
中文摘要：
利用小兴安岭5个测站和黑龙江省内周边6个地级市所在地气象站及与伊春站同纬度2个县级气象站1985—2014年30 a历史资料，统计近30 a小兴安岭林区及周边区域的气候要素。通过对4类气象要素的时间上纵向及空间上横向的对比分析，得出小兴安岭地区及周边区域气候变化的不同特征。这种不同体现在：天然林保护工程实施后，小兴安岭年平均气温下降0.23 ℃，周边6地市下降0.06 ℃，小兴安岭气温下降幅度大于周边6地市；小兴安岭年平均降水量增加12.4%，周边6地市增加10.1%，小兴安岭降水增加幅度大于周边6地市；小兴安岭年平均风速减少0.40 m/s，周边6地市减少0.59 m/s，小兴安岭风速减小幅度小于周边6地市；小兴安岭年日照时数减少88.8 h，与周边6地市减少幅度相同。
中文关键词：
小兴安岭,周边区域,气候变化,气象要素
KeyWords：
Xiaoxing’an Mountains, peripheral area, climate change, meteorological element
Abstract：
Using the historical data of 1985?2014 from five stations in Xiaoxing’an Mountains , six stations in six prefecture-level cities around Xiaoxing’an Mountains and two county-level stations at the same latitude as Yichun Station, the climatic factors of Xiaoxing’an Mountains forest area and its surrounding area in recent 30 years were analyzed. Based on the comparison and analysis of the four types of meteorological elements, the different features of climate change in Xiaoxing’an Mountains and its surrounding areas were obtained. The differences are reflected in the following: After the implementation of the natural forest protection project, 0.23 ℃ the annual average temperature decrease in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, which was 0.23 ℃, was stronger than that in its surrounding six cities, which was 0.06 ℃ ; the annual average precipitation increase in Xiaoxing’an Mountains was more significant than that in its surrounding six cities, with the two figures as 12.4% and 10.1%, respectively; the decrease of annual average wind speed in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, which was 0.40 m/s, was lower than that in its surrounding six cities, which was 0.59 m/s; and the annual sunshine hours in Xiaoxing’an Mountains have decreased by 88.8 hours, the same as that in the surrounding six cities.