新疆哈密一次罕见暖区暴雨的成因分析
Cause Analysis On Rare Warm-Sector Heavy Rainfall in Hami of Xinjiang
中文摘要：
利用区域自动站、常规观测、卫星云图TBB及FNL资料，对2018年7月31日（简称“7.31”暴雨）新疆哈密市东南部暖区暴雨天气成因进行分析，结果表明：1）此次暴雨过程出现在南亚高压东部型的大尺度环流背景下，暴雨区位于200 hPa强西南急流入口区右侧，500 hPa中亚低涡前部西南气流与西太副高西侧偏南气流的汇合处，850～700 hPa东南急流出口区前部辐合区，700 hPa暖式切变及地面γ尺度切变重叠区域；2）此次过程的水汽主要来自阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾及黄海，500～700 hPa水汽辐合大值区与暴雨落区关系密切；3）β中尺度对流云团和地面γ中尺度切变线在暴雨区滞留，受西北—东南向的天山山脉地形作用，使得垂直环流进一步加强。
中文关键词：
暖区暴雨，西太副高，概念模型
KeyWords：
warm-sector heavy rainfall, western Pacific subtropical high, concept model
Abstract：
The warm sector rainstorm occurred in the southeast of Hami in Xinjiang on 31 July 2018 was analyzed by automatic weather station data, conventional meteorological data, the Black Body Temperature (TBB) of FY-2E satellite data and NCEP FNL reanalysis. The results show that: (1) the weather process was a regional warm sector rainstorm in the southeast of Hami, which occurred under the background of large-scale circulation of the eastern South Asian high. The rainstorm zone was located in the right side of southwest jet stream in 200 hPa, the confluence area on the 500 hPa from southwest stream before central Asia low vortex and south airflow from western Pacific subtropical high on the west side, front convergence zone of southeast jet stream outlet zone on the 800－700 hPa, the overlapping area of the warm shear line at 700 hPa and surface γ-scale shear. (2) The water vapor mainly comes from the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Yellow Sea, and the convergence of moisture flux from 700 hPa to 500 hPa was closely related to the location of the rainstorm. (3) The meso-β scale convective cloud and the meso-γ scale shear line at ground were detained in the rainstorm area. The vertical circulation was further strengthened due to the topography of the Tianshan Mountains that runs from northwest to southeast.