高原积雪对太阳活动响应及其放大作用的研究进展
Advances on Response and Amplification of Snow over the Tibetan Plateau to Solar Activity
中文摘要：
高原积雪对太阳活动的响应研究是一个较新的领域，在对前期研究成果进行回顾和梳理的基础上，展示了最新的研究成果。研究结果表明，高原积雪时空分布对太阳活动有较为显著的响应，其机理是太阳活动通过bottom-up机制和top-down机制共同作用影响高原积雪。太阳活动可以引起全球0～200 m海温异常和潜热通量异常，通过改变海气相互作用进一步影响高原降水（积雪）异常，放大太阳活动的作用；另一方面，太阳活动通过影响平流层大气温度和环流，影响平流层和对流层大气之间的相互作用，进而改变对流层大气环流和风场，导致高原积雪异常。对未来的研究工作进行了展望，研究结果表明：数值试验模拟太阳活动影响高原积雪的关键在于气候系统模式需要包含细致的高层大气化学过程和海气耦合过程。
中文关键词：
高原积雪，太阳活动，放大作用，bottom-up和top-down机制，中国降水
KeyWords：
plateau snow, solar activity, amplification, bottom-up and top-down mechanisms, precipitation in China
Abstract：
The research on the response of plateau snow cover to solar activity is a relatively new field, and there are few related researches about this topic internationally. The snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau in winter and spring has an important influence on the East Asian monsoon and precipitation in China. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influence and amplification of solar activity on the snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau. On the basis of reviewing the previous research results, this paper gives the recent research results, and prospects of the further research work in the future. The results showed that the temporal and spatial distributions of plateau snow cover have significant responses to the solar activity, and the mechanism is that the solar activity could cause the abnormal snow cover over the Tibetan Plateau through the joint action of bottom-up mechanism and top-down mechanism. Solar activity can cause anomalous 0.200 m global sea surface temperature and latent heat flux over the Pacific Ocean, which could change the air-sea interaction, further to affect the precipitation of China and plateau snow, amplifying the influence of solar activity. On the other hand, through affecting stratospheric temperature and circulation, solar activity alters interaction of stratospheric and tropospheric atmosphere and wind field to induce anomalous plateau snow. In this paper, the future research work is prospected, and it is pointed out that the key to simulate the influence of solar activity on plateau snow is that the climate system model should include detailed chemical process in upper atmosphere and air-sea coupling process.