2018年春季两次强天气过程对比分析
Comparative Analysis of Two Strong Weather Processes in Spring
中文摘要：
利用常规气象观测、NCEP 1°×1° 逐6小时再分析和咸宁地基微波辐射计资料，对咸宁2018年4月22—23日（“1804”过程）和5月6日（“1805”过程）两次强天气过程进行分析。两次过程影响系统有相似性，但系统发展、强度、位置、高低层配置有明显差异，主要体现在“1804”过程有很强的动力抬升条件，配合较好的水汽、能量条件，产生强降水；而“1805”过程动力条件较差，低层能量聚集，层结更不稳定，利于发生雷暴大风天气。从微波辐射计资料分析发现，前一次过程在临近降水时有整层水汽含量明显减少，整层液态水含量明显增加，云底迅速降低的特征，而后一次过程则没有，这种明显差异对预报暴雨和强对流天气具有一定的参考意义。
中文关键词：
暴雨，强对流，微波辐射计，θse垂直递减率，整层液态水含量
KeyWords：
heavy rain, strong convection, microwave radiometer, vertical decline rate of θse, the atmospheric liquid water content
Abstract：
This paper mainly uses conventional meteorological observation data, the reanalysis data of NCEP 1 °x 1 ° by 6 hours and ground-based microwave radiometer data of Xianning, to make a comparative analysis on the two severe weather process in spring. The results show that the influence systems of the two processes are similar to some extent, but there are obvious differences in the development, intensity, location and configuration of divergence fields between high and low layers, which are mainly reflected in the “1804” process, which has strong dynamic lifting conditions and is prone to heavy precipitation with good water vapor and energy conditions. However, the “1805” process has poor dynamic conditions, but the energy in the lower layer is concentrated and the stratification is unstable, which is more conducive to the occurrence of thunderstorm and gale weather. According to the analysis of microwave radiometer data, it was found that the process of “1804” had the characteristics of obvious decrease of Vint, obvious increase of Lint and rapid decrease of Cloud Base when it was near the precipitation, while the process of “1805” did not. This phenomenon has certain indicative significance for the prediction of heavy precipitation. This obvious difference has certain reference significance for forecasting rainstorm and severe convection weather.