茂名市1972—2017年高温日数的气候变化特征
Climate Change Characteristics of High Temperature Days in Maoming from 1972 to 2017
中文摘要：
基于茂名国家气象观测站1972—2017年逐日最高气温资料和NCEP/NCAR 2.5°×2.5°再分析资料，分析茂名市高温日数的变化特征及原因。结果表明：茂名市高温日数有明显的年际和年代际变化特征，20世纪80年代后期至今高温日数有明显增加的趋势，具有5 a、准13 a和23 a的周期变化；高温日数7月最多，5月最少；高温过程持续时间以1～2 d为主且强度偏弱；高温天气与副热带高压密切相关，当副热带高压西伸脊点偏西时，茂名高温日数将明显偏多，高温日数与当年副热带高压强度、面积指数均呈显著正相关，与当年西太平洋副热带高压西伸脊点指数呈显著负相关，从相关性来看，副热带高压面积指数对高温影响更为显著。
中文关键词：
茂名高温特征，突变检验，小波分析
KeyWords：
Maoming high temperature characteristics, mutation test, wavelet analysis
Abstract：
and reanalysis data of NCEP / NCAR 2.5°×2.5°, this paper analyzes the characteristics and causes of the change in the number of days of high temperature in Maoming. The results show that there are obvious interannual and decadal changes in the number of high-temperature days in Maoming. The number of high-temperature days has increased significantly since the late 1980s, with periodic changes of 5 a, 13 a, and 23 a. High temperature days are the most in July and the least in May; the duration of the high temperature process is mainly 1 to 2 days and the intensity is weak; the high temperature weather is closely related to the subtropical high; When the west extension ridge point of the subtropical high is westward, the number of high-temperature days in Maoming will be significantly higher. The number of high-temperature days is significantly positively related to the intensity and area index of the subtropical high that year, and significantly negatively related to the ridge point index of the western Pacific subtropical high that year. From the correlation point of view, the area index of the subtropical high had a more significant effect on high temperature.