高原涡与西南涡相互作用引发暴雨过程及云系特征分析
Analysis of the Process of Heavy Rain and Cloud System Characteristics Caused by the Interaction of the Plateau Vortex and the Southwest Vortex
中文摘要：
使用中国新一代FY-4A卫星、GPM卫星的降水雷达等多源观测数据，选择两次高原涡与西南涡相互作用的暴雨个例，分析了两涡作用下盆地中尺度降水云系的空间结构特征。结果表明：西南涡与高原涡耦合作用下产生中尺度对流复合体MCC云系，短时强降水主要发生在MCC发展至成熟阶段，强降水区的云顶亮温值低于?60℃，云顶高度在12 km左右；西南涡与高原涡相互作用时，云顶亮温低值区的中心位置和强度与同时刻强降水特征很好对应；降水云体中对流性降水粒子的反射率因子在低层快速增长，层云性降水粒子的反射率因子强度增长的区域为零度亮带层附近；对流性降水雨强远大于层云，其粒子半径也大于层云降水，而对流性降水粒子的浓度高于或等于后者；层云对总降水量的贡献大于对流云，且层云降水量表现出大小均匀的粒子积聚的结果；对流性降水率垂直分布柱状明显且有云墙，层云性降水率垂直分布呈不规则柱状且没有显著的云墙，降水率均随海拔高度的升高而减小，5 km以下对流层对总降水量的贡献最大。
中文关键词：
西南涡与高原涡，多源卫星观测，降水云空间结构，降水粒子
KeyWords：
southwest vortex and plateau vortex, multi-source satellite observation, precipitation cloud spatial structure, precipitation particles
Abstract：
This paper uses multi-source observation data such as the new generation FY-4A satellite and GPM satellite precipitation radar to select two heavy rain cases where the plateau vortex interacts with the southwest vortex, and analyzes the mesoscale precipitation cloud system in the basin under the action of the two vortices. Spatial structure characteristics. The results show that the coupling of the southwest vortex and the plateau vortex produces a mesoscale convective complex MCC cloud system. Shortterm heavy rainfall mainly occurs during the mature stage of MCC, and the cloud top brightness value of the large area covered by the heavy rainfall area is lower than ?60℃ , The height of the cloud top is about 12 km; when the southwest vortex interacts with the plateau vortex, the center position and intensity of the low brightness temperature area of the cloud top correspond well to the characteristics of the simultaneous strong precipitation; the reflectivity factor of the convective precipitation particles in the precipitation cloud is The low-level rapid growth, the area where the intensity of the reflectance factor of stratiform precipitation particles increases is near the zero-degree bright zone; the rain intensity of convective precipitation is much greater than that of stratiform clouds, and its particle radius is also greater than that of stratus precipitation, while the concentration of convective precipitation particles Higher than or equal to the latter; Stratus clouds contribute more to total precipitation than convective clouds, and stratus precipitation shows the result of particle accumulation of uniform size; Convective precipitation rate is vertically distributed in a columnar shape with cloud walls, stratiform The vertical distribution of precipitation rate is irregular columnar and there is no significant cloud wall. The precipitation rate decreases with the increase in altitude. The troposphere below 5 km contributes the most to the total precipitation.