中文摘要：

当前常见浪涌保护器（SPD）的通用做法为，当电气过载时，脉冲电压超过系统最大额定电压值，具有非线性电压- 电流（V-I）特性的分流单元会在过电压状态时表现出极小的阻抗，在正常情况下却是极大的阻抗值。该类方法是基于浪涌电流/电压波形参数设计，通过多级协调防护达到最终保护目的。介绍的防御系统则是针对具备UPS备用电源的电力电子设备设计，该系统基于侦测闪电先导发展过程中的连续电流脉冲特征，以微秒动作量级的开关在闪电袭击地面之前实现被保护设备与外界切断，形成“孤岛”而达到防护目的，在1～ 2 s，即本次闪电过程结束后，再恢复外界电源供电。从而达到极大程度的降低防护设计、器件等与浪涌电流/电压波形参数的关联，此外该系统无需多级防护，可降低当前雷电多级防护设计的难度，从而达到提高防护效果的目的。

中文关键词：

回击，上行先导，雷电防护

KeyWords：

return-stroke, upward leader, lightning protection

Abstract：

刘昆　杜春伶　王元　叶盈群　杜雨洺　董志诚　蒋如斌

The current practice of the surge protection device (SPD) is when the electrical overload occurs, the voltage pulse signal exceeds the maximum rate of the system, the shunt element with nonlinear voltage-current (V-I) characteristics show minimal impedance in the over voltage state, whereas in the normal case it show high impedance. The method is based on surge current/ voltage waveform parameter and achieves the ultimate protection purpose through multilevel coordination protection. Defense system is introduced in this paper for the power electronic equipment with UPS backup power supply, the system is based on the characteristics of continuous current pulse in the development process of lightning leader, the microsecond switch cut off the protected equipment from the outside before the lightning strikes the ground, forming an ‘island’ to achieve the purpose of protection, in 1? 2 seconds. After the end of the lightning process, the external power supply will be restored, to significant reduce the correlation between protection design, device, and surge voltage/current waveform parameters. In addition, the system only needs first level protection, which can reduce the difficulty of current lightning multi-stage protection design, thus achieving the purpose of improving the protection effect.