京津冀地区无人机低空航路气象环境模拟研究
Simulation Research on Meteorological Environment of UAV Low-Altitude Route in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
中文摘要：
随着我国低空空域的陆续开放，低空飞行安全气象保障体系正被越来越多的研究学者所重视。京津冀地区无人机产业的发展在国内处于领军地位。基于WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting Model）中尺度数值模式，对2015— 2019年京津冀地区气象要素进行模拟，模拟结果与气象站观测数据进行误差对比分析，可为该地区无人机低空航路的飞行安全提供建议。结合无人机飞行限制因素，对京津冀地区无人机航路气象要素平均分布和平均垂直分布进行分析，结论如下：1） 冬季、春季以及秋季白石山至东灵山出现风速5.5 m/s以上区域，可使无人机飞行产生剧烈晃动甚至炸机，在此区域内飞行应时刻注意风速变化。2）冬季京津冀全区为0 ℃及以下所控制，由于温度条件限制不适合无人机飞行，其余季节温度范围均在无人机电池正常工作范围之内。3）夏季京津冀地区降雨量大，应注意强降雨对无人机飞行造成的影响。4）垂直方向上低空空域内，冬季、春季以及秋季风速会对无人机飞行造成影响，冬季温度低于0 ℃不适合无人机进行低空作业。关键词：
中文关键词：
无人机，航路，风速，温度，降水
KeyWords：
UAV, route, wind speed, temperature, precipitation
Abstract：
With the continuous opening of my country’s low-altitude airspace, the low-altitude flight safety and weather protection system is being valued by more and more researchers. The development of the UAV industry in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is in a leading position in China. Based on the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting Model) mesoscale numerical model, this paper simulates the meteorological elements in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2015 to 2019, and the error comparison analysis between the simulation results and the observation data of the weather station, can provide suggestions for the flight safety of UAV low-altitude routes in the region. Combining the UAV flight restriction factors, analyze the average distribution and vertical average distribution of meteorological elements on UAV routes in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the conclusions are as follows: (1) The wind speed above 5.5 m/s appears in the Baishi Mountain to Dongling Mountain in winter, spring and autumn, which can cause violent shaking or even blow up the drone during the flight. You should always pay attention to flying in this area. Wind speed changes. (2) In winter, the entire Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is controlled at 0 ℃ and below 0 ℃, due to temperature conditions, it is not suitable for drones to fly, and the temperature range in other seasons is within the normal operating range of drone batteries. (3) In summer, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region receives heavy rainfall, and attention should be paid to the impact of heavy rainfall on UAV flight. (4) Vertically, in the low-altitude airspace, wind speeds in winter, spring and autumn will affect the flight of UAVs. Winter temperatures below 0 ℃ are not suitable for low-altitude operations.