全球能量与水循环试验以及淮河流域能量与水循环试验概述
Summary of Global Energy and Water Exchanges (GEWEX) Project and Huaihe River Basin Energy and Water Cycle Experiment
中文摘要：
全球能量与水循环试验（GEWEX）是国际科学理事会与世界气象组织为了研究气候异常、解决长期预报，以防灾减灾、保证粮食生产为目的，而设立的世界研究计划，致力于了解地球表面和地下以及大气中的水循环和能量通量。从20世纪80年代开始，GEWEX共分为3个阶段。通过调研，理清GEWEX发展脉络，总结试验第一和第二阶段的主要内容和成果，概述现阶段（即第三阶段）试验拟解决的四大科学问题（降水观测和预报、全球水资源系统、极端变化、能量与水循环及其过程）和重点关注的七大研究领域（数据集、分析、流程、建模、应用、技术转换、能力建设）。淮河流域能量与水循环试验（HUBEX，1998—2000年）是第一阶段全球能量与水分循环试验/亚洲季风试验（GEWEX/GAME）在东亚副热带半湿润地区，以淮河流域为中心开展的气象、水文科学试验。在总结HUBEX所取得成果的基础上，指出现阶段的发展需求，并结合淮河流域现状，提出第二次淮河流域能量与水循环试验（HUBEX-2）的建议与思考。
中文关键词：
全球能量与水循环试验，淮河流域能量与水循环试验，概述
KeyWords：
GEWEX/GAME, HUBEX, summary
Abstract：
The Global Energy and Water Exchanges (GEWEX) is a world research project established by the International Council for Science (ICSU) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) for the purpose of studying climate anomaly, developing long-term forecast, disaster prevention and mitigation, and ensuring food production. The project is dedicated to understanding Earth’s water cycle and energy fluxes at, and below the surface and in the atmosphere. Since the 1980s, GEWEX has been experienced three stages. The main contents and achievements of the first and second stages of the project are summarized. And then the four major scientific problems to be solved in the current stage (the third stage) and the seven key research fields are clarified. The Huaihe River Basin energy and water cycle experiment (HUBEX, 1998?2000) is a meteorological and hydrological joint scientific experiment carried out in the first stage of GEWEX Asian Monsoon Experiment(GAME) in the subtropical and semi humid region of East Asia. The report summarizes the achievements of HUBEX, affirms the scientific significance of these achievements, and points out the development needs at the present stage. Based on the comparison of the four major scientific problems to be solved and the seven major research fields to be focused on by GEWEX at the present stage, combined with the current situation of Huaihe River Basin, suggestions and thoughts are put forward for the second Huaihe River basin energy and water cycle experiment (HUBEX 2).