微波辐射计资料在乌鲁木齐机场持续浓雾天气中的试验应用
Application of Microwave Radiometer Data in Continuous Dense Fog at Urumqi Airport
中文摘要：
利用HTG-3型微波辐射计在乌鲁木齐机场进行试验验证期间获得的数据资料，采集了2016年10月—2017年1月出现的多个持续浓雾天气个例进行分析，结果表明：1）微波辐射计可以实时监测边界层温湿条件演变，有效弥补常规探空资料时间分辨率低的问题，可以在监测持续浓雾演变，研究持续浓雾的形成发展机制，提高临近预报能力上发挥有效作用；2）综合水汽含量（IWV）能够反映空中水汽消长情况。持续浓雾多是水汽缓慢耗散的过程。液态水路径（LWP）的增长波动变化与持续浓雾的生消变化有一定的对应；3）持续浓雾时地面到500～1000m多为相对湿度95%以上高湿高饱和状态；4）贴地逆温的建立或加强是持续浓雾形成的关键。
中文关键词：
微波辐射计，持续浓雾，高湿高饱和，贴地逆温
KeyWords：
microwave radiometer, continuous dense fog, high humidity high saturation, ground temperature inversion
Abstract：
In this paper, several cases of continuous dense fog were analyzed from October 2016 to March 2017, using the HTG-3 microwave radiometer installed at Urumqi Airport. Results show that: 1) Microwave radiometer can monitor the variations of boundary layer air temperature and humidity in real time with high temporal resolutiom. 2) Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) can reflect the growth and decline of water vapor in the air, and the continuous dense fog is mostly a slow process of water vapor dissipation. The increase and fluctuation of Liquid Water Path (LWP) correspond to the generation and dissipation of dense fog. 3) In the cases of continuous dense fog, below the height of 500-1000 m, the air is nearly saturated, and the relative humidity is almost higher than 95%. 4) The establishment or enhancement of the ground temperature inversion is the key factor to the formation of continuous dense fog.