基于Landsat遥感数据的洞庭湖面积变化研究
Study on Area Changes of the Dongting Lake Based on Remote Sensing Data
中文摘要：
洞庭湖是长江中下游最大的调蓄湖泊，近年来由于受气候的变化和人类因素的影响，湖泊面积呈现萎缩的趋势。为更精确的研究洞庭湖面积变化的趋势。利用1994—2017年洞庭湖区高分辨率的Landsat影像，通过分析不同水体提取方法的优劣，采用水体指数分析和目视解译相结合的方法，提取洞庭湖水体面积，并分析了1994—2017年洞庭湖年内、年际和年代际变化。结果表明：2017年洞庭湖水体面积有非常明显的丰水期和枯水期的年内变化；洞庭湖水体面积在1996年（2438 km2）最大，在2013年（1054 km2）最小；从25年的洞庭湖面积来看，25年内洞庭湖经历了扩展—萎缩的变化趋势。
中文关键词：
洞庭湖，面积提取，面积变化
KeyWords：
Dongting Lake, area extraction, area change
Abstract：
Dongting Lake is the largest regulating lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. To study the trend in area changes of Dongting Lake accurately, the Landsat images from 1994 to 2017 were used to extract the water body area of Dongting Lake. Different water body extraction methods were compared. The water body was extracted based on water body index and visual interpretation, and the inter-annual and annual changes of Dongting Lake from 1994 to 2017 were analyzed. The results show that the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) combined with visual interpretation could accurately extract water body from complex features. The water body area of Dongting Lake changed significantly within the year. The maximum was in 1996 (2438 km2) and the minimum was in 2013 (1054 km2), respectively. From 1994 to 2017, the area of Dongting Lake had a rising trend in 1990s and then decreased in 2000s and 2010s.