新暴雨特征下新乡市城区不同重现期的暴雨极值公式
Formula of Extreme Rainstorm Intensity for Changed Heavy Rain Characteristics in Xinxiang city
中文摘要：
利用“年最大值法”建立了新乡气象站56 a暴雨样本数据，分析了新乡气象站的暴雨变化特征，发现1979年前后新乡地区的暴雨特征变化显著，旧的暴雨强度公式已不具有较好的适用性。采用P-Ⅲ型分布、耿贝尔分布和指数分布三种数据拟合曲线，分别对1959—2014年、1980—2014年和1985—2014年的降水量数据进行曲线拟合、公式计算和显著性检验，从而推选出最优公式。通过新旧公式对比和时空代表性的讨论，证明了此公式具有较好的适用性。
中文关键词：
短时强降水，暴雨强度，年最大值法
KeyWords：
short-time heavy rainfall; rainstorm intensity; annual maximum value method
Abstract：
Based on the precipitation data carried out by the annual maximum value method for 1959 to 2014 in Xinxiang city, we analyze the variety characteristics of heavy rain, and find that the characteristics have changed significantly since 1979, so that the old rainstorm intensity formula had lost applicability. The optimal rainstorm intensity formula was chosen by using curve fitting, computing and significance testing with the Pearon Ⅲ distribution, gumbel distribution and exponential distribution. Comparison of the old to the new formula shows that the new formula has a better applicability.