铁路（高铁）横风监测预报技术方法初探
Exploration of the Monitoring and Forecasting Method for the Railway Crosswind
中文摘要：
强横风是影响铁路（高铁）运行最为严重的气象灾害之一。气象监测/预报风速与对铁路运行有实际影响的风速之间存在显著差异。本研究从铁路部门实际需求出发，结合铁路气象学基本原理和地理信息系统空间分析与数据融合技术，初步探索了铁路（高铁）横风监测预报的技术方法，主要包括精细化网格风速监测/预报新产品的应用、精细化道路分段及各路段下垫面类型的提取、反映路段基本特征的风速订正技术，以及综合考虑铁路线路走向和风向的横风转化技术等。同时，以哈大客运专线四平段一座典型高架桥为例，分析了气象风速资料在该高铁路段的适应性及风速订正效果，探讨了本技术方案的可行性。该方法将常规气象风速资料转化为对列车运行有实际影响的风速，对于开展针对性强、专业化程度高的铁路气象服务具有一定的指导意义。
中文关键词：
高铁，典型路段，风速订正，横风
KeyWords：
high speed rail, railway viaduct, wind speed revision, crosswind
Abstract：
Strong crosswind is one of the most serious disasters to railway (high speed rail) operation. There is large difference between the meteorological monitoring/forecasting wind and the one having acture effect on railway operation. According to the needs of the railway administration, using the basic principle of the railway meteorology and GIS spatial analysis and data fusion technology, we explored a meteorological monitoring and forecasting method for the railway crosswind, which includs the application of new gridded wind monitoring and forecasting products in high-resolution to fine road segmentation and the extraction of the underlying surface types. The wind speed revision technology considers the railway characteristics, the angle of the railway line trend and the wind direction. Besides, taking a typical viaduct on Harbin Dalian assenger Dedicated Line as an example, we analyzed the applicability of meteorological wind data to high speed rail and the wind speed revision effect, also discussed the feasibility of this method proposed in this paper.