北京旅游类型多元发展下的气象服务需求综述
A Review of Meteorological Service for Different Tourism Attractions in Beijing
中文摘要：
基于北京各类旅游景区的发展现状及特色，分析了北京旅游类型多元发展下的气象服务需求。研究表明，对经典景区而言，气象服务需求视主要游览内容不同需分别提供植物观赏期预测、特色景观预报等服务。对各专题类旅游而言，规避灾害性天气及次生灾害是首要需求；其次则需要精细化的短临天气预报和短期气候预测服务；最后需要根据各特色游的主题，提供特色服务，包括改进优化现有气象产品，合理化推荐子项目等。而两类旅游对气象服务需求的差异主要源自两方面：1）旅游组织者应对气象灾害的不同理念及手段；2）受旅游目的性影响的游客风险认知水平的差异。
中文关键词：
旅游，气象服务，北京
KeyWords：
tourism, meteorological service, Beijing
Abstract：
In this study, the development and characteristics of different tourism attractions in Beijing were reviewed to analyze the weather service needs. According to the results, the classical scenic spots have three demands for meteorological service including the forecast in the ornamental period, the characteristic landscape forecast and some other specialized meteorological service. All the three kinds of needs were considered to be equally important. However, the weather service for “special-topic tourism” are somewhat different. The primary demand is to avoid the weather and secondary disaster. The second requirement is to provide more accurate weather forecasts. The third is improvement of existing products, recommending tourism projects and some other appropriate characteristic service, according to the travel themes, based on the weather conditions. What’s more, we suppose that the different needs for weather service between classical scenic spots and “special-topic tourism” come from mainly the two sources: one is the managers of scenic spots hold different responses to meteorological disasters , another is the level of tourists perceive to the risk, which is influenced by the tourism destination.