武汉天河机场一次下击暴流天气的多普勒雷达分析
Analysis of Doppler Radar Data when a Downburst Event Occurred in Wuhan Tianhe Airport
中文摘要：
利用常规气象资料、跑道自动观测资料（AWOS）、自动观测站资料和多普勒天气雷达资料等，对武汉天河机场的一次下击暴流天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：1）本次下击暴流发生在副热带高压减弱，西风槽向东移动，地面辐合线相配合的天气背景下；2）下击暴流影响机场期间，具有气压陡升、温度骤降、风向变化和风速突增等气象要素的演变特征；3）阵风锋与雷暴之间距离的变化一定程度上可以预示未来雷暴的强弱；4）本次下击暴流与阵风锋有紧密的联系，阵风锋北移过程中激发出β中尺度对流单体，β中尺度对流单体产生了下击暴流，并且雷达速度图上沿雷达径向的正负大值速度对是下击暴流发生的典型特征之一。
中文关键词：
下击暴流，阵风锋，大风
KeyWords：
downburst, gust front, strong wind
Abstract：
Combining the Doppler radar data with conventional weather records, AWOS data and automatic meteorological station data, a downburst event occurred in Wuhan Tianhe Airport is analyzed. The results show that: (1) The synoptic background featured that the subtropical high weakening, the slot line moving eastward and the surface wind converging. (2) Meteorological elements changed obviously during the downburst, such as pressure rising, temperature dropping, and wind speed increasing. (3) The variation of the distance between the gust front and thunderstorm may indicates the future trend of the thunderstorm somewhat. (4) The gust front closely linked with the downburst event, the meso-β scale convective cells were inspired when the gust front moving northward, then the meso-β scale convective inspired the downburst, and especially, the contrast of high values between the positive and negative radial velocity is one of the typical characteristics in the downburst.