沪渝高速（湖北段）路面温度变化特征及预报研究

Characteristics and Forecast Research of Road Surface Temperature on Huyu Expressway(the Section in Hubei)

作者：

成丹湖北省气象服务中心武汉 430205
付晓辉湖北省气象服务中心武汉 430205

中文摘要：

利用2013年6月—2014年8月沪渝高速湖北段沪蓉西、汉宜、武黄、黄黄四路段自动气象站逐分钟观测的路面温度（以下简称路温）、气温、风速、风向、相对湿度、降水等气象资料，分析了沪渝高速湖北段不同路段在不同季节以及不同天空状况条件下路温的变化特征，同时基于统计分析方法针对各路段分别建立最高和最低路温预报模型，并对预报结果进行检验。结果表明，沪蓉西、汉宜、武黄、黄黄四路段在不同季节和不同天空状况下路温和气温均具有明显的日变化特征，但路温与气温差值存在较大差异。沪蓉西路温与气温的最大差值较其他三路段冬季偏高而夏季偏低。冬季，晴到多云和阴天在日落后至日出前期间，沪蓉西路温和气温基本一致，而汉宜、武黄、黄黄路温小于气温；雨天四路段的气温均小于路温且沪蓉西最为明显。夏季，在三种天空状况下，四路段的气温均明显小于路温，且在晴到多云和阴天两者午后差值最大。沪蓉西、汉宜、武黄、黄黄四路段1月路温差异最小，而4、7、10月，路温随着四路段海拔高度的降低而升高。沪蓉西和黄黄路段路温模型预报结果与实况的变化趋势较为接近，该模型可以作为预报参考；汉宜和武黄路段个别时间点路温模型预报结果与实况存在较大误差，实际业务工作中需进行适当订正。

中文关键词：

路面温度，日变化，预报模型，检验

KeyWords：

road surface temperature, diurnal variation, forecast model, verify

Abstract：

In this paper, the monitoring data, which contain the road surface temperature, air temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, precipitation observed at the traffic automatic weather stations named as Hurongxi, Hanyi,Wuhuang and Huanghuang on the Huyu expressway during the period from June 2013 to August 2014, are used to investigate the characteristics of the road surface temperature in different seasons and different sky conditions. The forecast model of the maximum and minimum road surface temperature are established for different sections by statistical analyses, and the forecast results are verified. The results show that the road surface temperature and air temperature at Hurongxi, Hanyi, Wuhuang and Huanghuang stations display obvious diurnal variation as well as the difference between the road surface temperature and air temperature display differently. Compared with the other three sections, the maximum difference between the road surface temperature and air temperature at Hurongxi increases in winter and decreases in summer overall. The road surface temperature is close to air temperature at Hurongxi after sunset on sunny to cloudy and overcast days in winter, while less than air temperature at Hanyi, Wuhuang and Huanghuang. The air temperature is less than road surface temperature at the four stations on rainy days,of which the most significant at Hurongxi. In summer, the air temperature is less than road surface temperature at the four stations on three types of sky conditions and the difference between both is the biggest in afternoon on sunny to cloudy and overcast. The road surface temperature is very close to each other among the four stations in January, while become different with the decrease of altitude in April, July and October. The forecast results of the road surface temperature were nearly close to the actual observations at Hurongxi and Huanghuang. So they may be used as references. But there were some big errors between the forecasts and observations at particular times at Hanyi and Wuhuang stations, the forecasts should be corrected for actual business.