“布拉万”和“梅花”北上影响吉林省产生降水差异的天气学特征对比分析
Synoptic Characteristic Analysis of Two Northward Typhoons“Bolaven”and “Muifa” Which Lead to Rain Distinction in Jilin Province
中文摘要：
使用NCEP再分析资料，对两次路径相似，但对吉林省降水造成影响差异较大的北上台风“布拉万”和“梅花”就流场和物理量场特征进行了对比分析。结果发现，两次台风北上过程中西太平洋副热带高压对台风路径起着决定性的作用；北上台风降水强度与自身水汽和周围水汽输送有直接关系，水汽通量散度量值在降水预报中较为适用；台风的垂直结构特别是涡度场垂直分布的斜压结构对台风的发展起到重要作用；西风槽和冷空气与台风的配合对降水强度产生很大影响；高低空急流的配置对台风系统的维持和强降水落区有明显的指示意义，并且对降水的强度和持续时间起到关键作用。
中文关键词：
北上台风，降水差异，水汽通量散度，涡度，西风槽，高低空急流
KeyWords：
precipitation distinguish, northward typhoon, vapor flux convergence, vertical vortex, western wind trough, high and low air jet
Abstract：
Using the 1°×1° reanalysis grid data of NCEP, two northward typhoons “Bolaven”and “Muifa” which are similar to the path but quite different in precipitation when they reach Jilin Province are compared with traces and other physical factors in this paper. It is found that the subtropical ridge of the Western Pacific decided whether the typhoon moves northward or not. The precipitation caused by typhoon is related to the value of vapors brought about, and the vapor flux divergence value was suitable in the precipitation forecast. The vertical structure of typhoon especially the baroclinic configuration of vorticity benefits for the development of typhoon. Western wind trough and cold air affects the typhoon for the precipitation intensity. The configuration of high and low air jet is a guidance whether the typhoon system continuous maintaining and where the heavy rain occurs, and it is a key issue related to the intensity and duration of precipitation.