北京市海淀区PM10污染特征及其与气象要素的关系
Research on Characteristics of PM10 Air Pollution and the Relationship Between PM10 and Meteorological Elements in Haidian District, Beijing City
中文摘要：
通过对2006年1月—2009年12月北京市环境保护局海淀区三个子站的空气质量资料和相对应的三个气象站的气象资料分析发现，海淀区香山、北部新区、万柳三个站的PM10浓度达到空气质量二级以上（不含二级）的天数占全年的30%，且浓度超标日数春季＞冬季＞秋季＞夏季，其中以北部新区空气质量二级以上天数最多，高达125天。PM10浓度峰值主要出现在上午10时和傍晚19时附近。总体上，各年空气质量二级以上天数以2006年最多，2009年最少。通过对PM10的浓度与气象要素做相关分析，发现PM10的浓度随温度、风速、气压、降水量的增高而降低，随相对湿度的升高而升高，风向影响较为复杂。
中文关键词：
大气污染，PM10，气象要素
KeyWords：
air pollution, PM10, meteorological elements
Abstract：
The air quality data and meteorological observational data of the three weather stations of Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau in Haidian district from Jan 2006 to Dec 2009 were analyzed. The results show that the major air pollution was PM10 and it occurred all over the year. The number of days whose air quality was above Class Ⅱ standard of air quality (not including Class Ⅱ standard) was about 30% of the year and it was the minimum in 2006 while it was the maximum in 2009. In terms of the season, the pollution occurred following a spring>winter>autumn>summer order. The period reaching the peak concentration of PM10 was between 10 am and 19 pm. The concentration of PM10 decreased with an increase of the temperature, wind speed, air pressure and precipitation, and increased with an increase in the relative humidity while the influence of the wind direction was complex. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis between concentration of PM10 and the meteorological elements was discussed in this paper, which provided a comprehensive evaluation of air quality of the three weather stations in Haidian district and furnished a basis for the research and control of air pollutants in future.