全球干旱卫星监测计划
Global Drought Monitoring Initiative with Satellite Data
中文摘要：
干旱是损失最严重的自然灾害之一，干旱监测已受到了广泛关注。目前，干旱的遥感监测取得了很好的进展，但是针对全球干旱的监测并未与基于气象数据的全球干旱信息系统实现有机结合。2007年以来，地球观测组织提倡实施全球干旱监测预警信息系统，以充分利用遥感的全球监测能力，而2008年发生的西方金融危机影响了全球干旱监测预警信息系统的建设。2011年全球20国集团农业部长确认的地球观测组织全球农业监测计划再次给全球干旱监测预警信息系统的建设带来了新的机会。美国已经用MODIS数据监测全球干旱以及干旱造成的作物减产分布，中国的风云卫星也具有全球干旱监测的潜力，国际社会应该努力推动建立集成遥感监测的全球干旱监测预警信息系统，为决策者及时提供干旱信息，以便积极应对可能发生的干旱，减轻干旱对国家社会经济的影响。
中文关键词：
全球干旱，农业干旱，干旱监测，卫星监测，风云卫星
KeyWords：
global drought, agricultural drought, drought monitoring, satellite monitoring, Fengyun satellite
Abstract：
Drought, one of the severe natural hazards, occurs frequently and widely in the world. Attentions have been drawn to the field of drought monitoring. It has never been well integrated with global drought information system based on the meteorological data, although the global drought monitoring with satellite data has made great progress in the past. Since 2007, the GEO has started to advocate and implement a global drought monitoring and early warning information system in order to devolop the global observing capacity of remote sensing. However, the following finance crisis in the west world adversely affected the implementation of this system. In 2011, the agricultural ministers of G20 noticed and recognized the Global Agricultural Monitoring Initiative of GEO, which has provided a new opportunity of promoting the implementation of a global drought monitoring and early warning information system. MODIS data have been successfully used in the US to monitor global crop growth and the loss distribution of crop production due to drought. In China, Fengyun Satellite has a global observing capacity for the global drought monitoring and the relevant support should be there to make this system real. International community should jointly promote the implementation of a global drought monitoring and early warning information system with a remote sensing component in order to provide the decision makers with the drought information and cope with the forthcoming drought.