阶段性干旱对夏玉米生长发育及产量的影响
Effects of Phased Drought on the Growth Development and Grain Yield of Summer Maize
中文摘要：
本试验通过可移动遮雨棚对大田夏玉米不同生长阶段土壤湿度进行定量控制，分析了拔节—抽雄和抽雄—成熟期干旱胁迫对玉米生长发育及产量构成等要素的影响。结果表明，玉米受干旱胁迫后，植株生长发育受到抑制，产量明显降低。拔节—抽雄期干旱对玉米营养生长阶段植株性状的影响较大；抽雄—成熟期干旱对玉米营养生长的影响相对较小，但对产量影响较大，其中穗长、穗粒数、穗总重和穗粒重较对照处理均显著减小，穗粗、秃尖比及百粒重变化不显著。
中文关键词：
干旱，夏玉米，生长发育，产量
KeyWords：
drought, summer maize, growth and development, yield
Abstract：
In this paper, an experiment was conducted to study the impact of drought on the growth and the production of maize at the jointing-tasseling stage and the tasseling-mature stage. The soil moisture was controlled quantitatively in different growth periods by the movable water-proof canopy. The result shows that: compared with the suitable water treatment, the growth and development of maize were restrained by drought, and the yield decreased significantly. Compared with the drought at the jointing-tasseling stage, the drought at the tasseling-mature stage has less effect on the growth of nutritional organ, but has a greater influence on yield. The ear length, grain number per ear, ear dry mass and grain mass per ear decreased significantly, but the changes of ear diameter, length of bare tip and 100-kernel mass were insignificant compared with the suitable water treatment.