GOES成像仪资料简介
An introduction to GOES Imager Data
中文摘要：
对地同步（geosynchronous）卫星以地球自转角速度围绕地轴转动。如果卫星星下点（sub-satellite point）保持在地球表面同一位置，这样的对地同步卫星又被称为对地静止（geostationary）卫星。在圆环轨道的假设下，根据对地静止卫星运行的向心力和万有引力大小相等，可算出对地静止卫星与地心距离约为42164km。与一天提供两次全球资料的极轨卫星不同，静止卫星在其观测范围内可提供时间连续的高水平分辨率资料，可用来追踪快变天气变量，如云、水汽和风。因此，越来越多的国家都相继发射覆盖自己领土的对地静止卫星。
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Abstract：
Geosynchronous satellites rotate around the Earth’s axis at the same angular velocity as the Earth does. If the sub-satellite point stays at the same location relative to the Earth surface, a geosynchronous satellite is called geostationary. The altitude of a geostationary satellite can thus be determined by a balance between the centripetal force and the gravitational force. Under the assumption of circular orbit, the altitude of the geostationary satellite is approximately 35787.6 kilometers above the Earth’s surface. Unlike a sun-synchronous polar-orbiting satellite that provides global observations twice daily, a geostationary satellite provides temporally continuous observations within a limited area centered at the subsatellite point. The horizontal resolution of geostationary satellite imager data is also high. The temporal and spatial continuity of the geostationary satellite data is extremely important for capturing rapid variations of atmospheric variables such as cloud, atmospheric water vapor and wind. Therefore, more and more geostationary meteorological satellites have been launched by different countries to cover their own territories.